Domestic air-heater.



P. S. LANCHICK. DOMESTIC AIR HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 12, m1.

1 ,300,625, Patented Apr. 15, 1919.

2 SHEET S-SHEET 1.

mzf/ F 5% P. S. LANCHICK. DOMESTIC AIR HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I2, 19H.

SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR NITED s'rArEs PT non rerun. s. LA vcHIcK, or woman, isnrrrsnCOLUMBIA, cANAnA. v

DOMESTIC AIR-H ATE 7 To all whom z'tmay canoe m: I

Be it known that I, PETER S. LANoHIoK, a citizen of the Dominion ofCanada, residing at Victoria, in the Province of British Columbia,Canada, have invented certain new and usefulrImprovements in Domesticspecification.

This invention relates to an air heater for domestic use, andisparticularly designed to economize fuelby the slow combustion thereof,and by the absorption of the heat of such combustion within thestructure of the heater, where it is imparted to air conducted throughsuch structure for subsequent circulation tothe several rooms of thehouse.

With this object'in view the heater is built Air-Heaters, of which thefollowing is a of] heat non-conducting material such as brick orconcrete with straight reversed flues between the furnace chamber andthe chimney, through which flues the products of combustion may passback and forth before delivery to the chimney and impart its heat to thewalls of the fiues. Between these flues and the walls of the furnacechamber and between them and the external walls of the heater, is a.series of air'ducts through which air is passed for delivery to a commonhot air chamber over the furnace, from which hot air chamber the air maybe con- I as required.

' The doors communicating with the furnace and ash pit are speciallydesigned to effectively close the door-ways to prevent leakage ofexternal air to the. furnace so as to retard combustion, andpermitcarbonlza- 1 tion of the fuel without oxidation. In the furtherance ofthis object the chimney or uptake from the furnace is provided withmeans by which-it also may be effectively closed at will.

To enable the combustion to be accelerated as desired, a supplementarydoor loosely fitting the doorway ishinged within the main door, whichsupplementary door has provication, reference being made to the drawingsby which it is accompanied, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical cross section of the heater on; the line 1.-1 in2. I

i Specification of Letters Patent.

' Fig. 2 is a sectional plan on the line 22 m Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section 011 the line 3,3 in Fig. 2. IFig. 4 is avertical longitudinal the line H in Fig. 1. s i A Figs. 5 and6 are enlarged details of the door fastening, and i r Fig. 7 is asection through the chimney closures showingthem in position on theirseats. a i

In these drawings'2 represents the foundation of the heater which may beof cement concrete. On this foundation 2 is built a furnace chamber 3ofbrick or concrete having an ash pit 4 beneath the cast iron grate bars5. i

In the front wall ofthe furnace chamber is a charging apertureclosablewith a door 6 to be specifically described later, and a simisection 011lar door 7 is provided closing the aperture to the ash pit 4. From thefurnace chamber 3 the products of combustion pass through an aperture 8in the upper part of the back' wall to fiues 9 delivering to. each sideinto the upper of a series of flue passages 10 arranged along each sideof the furnace chamber 3. The adjacent passages 10 are connected atopposite ends to conduct the'hot products of combustion back and forthfrom ducted ,to the various rooms of the house,

the upper to thelower, for final delivery through flues 11 to thechimney 12.

The walls and partitions 13 and 14 of these flues 10 are built of brickorthe likeouter wall of the flues and the outer wall 17 of the heater fY At the backof the furnace there are corresponding interspaces15' and16 between the walls of 'the flues or. ducts 9 and 11 and the furnaceand outer wall "respectively. Air from without is admitted to the innerinterspace 15 on each side, through apertures 19 near the bottom oftheouter wall 17, which apertures are connectedbeneath the bottom side flue10 by an interspace 18,-and adjacent apertures22 deliver from theoutside to the lower end of the outer interspace 16 which outerinterspace is separated from the bottom interspace 18 as at 21. Theupper ends of the interspac -cs 15 16 on each side Patented Apr. 15,1919. Application filed May 12, 1917. Serial No. 168,202. i

back deliver to a hot air space 20 extending across the top of theheater. All these air heating spaces 18, 15 and 16 and that portion-of20 which extends across the top of the side fiuesIOhaVe verticalpartitions 23-,

which divide these interspaces intoa series of ducts disposed inparallel vertical'planes, and provide a means of bonding the walls ofthe furnace and fines together and to the outer wall 17.

That portion of the hot air chamber 20, which isimrnediately oven-theroof of the furnace chamber 3, is closed by; metal plate 25 prnvided wih a seri s of; upwardly flanged apertures 26towhich pipes or ductsare;'connectedifnrdelive of thehotair to the several rooms of, a house.This pl'ate-25 may 'bQ-OQVQ BQlWltlhahfifizt protecting-;eover ing orbrick-work or thelike.

The front Wall: of the beaten is, as described, provided; with furnaceand. ash: it doors (Sand 7 and also with doors 27 affording access tothefront ends of; the side flues 10 for purposesnf cleaning.

The furnace-doorways are provided-with metal? mo-utlr rings 28" whichhave a machined- 'seatrforthe doorjoint. The doors are hinged along oneside at 29 to the mouth ring and 1 have a machined seat: correspond- 30;ing tothat" of the inouthring. Each door hasv a latch bar Zhextendinghorizontally across. its midsdepth, which latch bar is hinged atone endat 29to the mouth ring and'at; the other end passes. through a keeper .132: and! projects beyond the free edge of the door to engagea. detent33. A- screw 34. is threaded athrough the middle 0f thelat-ch'bar tobearagainst the center of the door-by whichv screw: the machined; faceof the door 40 may. becl osed tightly upon the seat of the mouth ring,the hinges of: the doors being sufiiciently free-to permit this slightclosing movement of' the door upon its seat.

Within thefurnace doorway a supple- 45." mentary door 35 is hingedtoopenoutward, which supplementary door only loosely fits the doorway and maybe provided with 2110- ertures. for theadmission of air. Thissupplementary door is. designed to-limit and regulate the amount of airadmitted when lighting or for stimulating-the fire on the I grate,- whensuch is necessary.

In the chimney uptake 12 above the level of the heater a metal frame isbuilt" in the *brick-work. This frame has twoseats 37 and 38,onewithin-the other and on different planes, and on each ofthese seatsseparate cover plates-inland wears placed; the objectbeing to preventthe entrance of external air and insureslow combustion- These coverplates may be introduced and removed through a doorway 4 1 closablewithadoor 42:

With;th'ese provisions for preventing ac- 6 'cess of ain to the afurnace, the combustion I air spaces toward the outside of the-furnaceproceeds very slowly and without oxidation,

so that the charge of the furnace will produce coke or charcoalaccording as coal or wood is used. This product may be sold if a demandexists for'it'ormay be consumed later. intlle furnace by the admissionof more air.

By this slow combustion practically all available heat is derived fromthe fuel'and is abstracted from the products of combustion by the heatnon-conducting walls of the furmace and its le gthenediflues,toheabstractedrfromthem' bythefresh airadmitted at V 21- and 22 andpassed;between.= the Walls to the hot. air chamber 20 for. distributionwhere required. 1

The llOHSGeIDELY then beheatedwith great economy ofi fuel and thefurnace requires .a minimum of attention as it only requires to becharged at long intervals.-v

Having-nowparticularly described my in-. vention, I hereby declare thatwhatIi claim as new and desire to be protected in by LettersiP-atent,is: l

I 1. A domestic air heater which comprises afurnace of non-heatconductingmaterial having-a main combus-tion-chamber-, and a hotair-chamber, achilnney, a seriesof reversely directed longitudinallyextending horizontalflnes located at. each'side ofthe combustionchamberthat communicate at: the. 7 top withthecombustion chamber and at. thehottom= with the chimney, said horizontal flues atthe respective sidesof the furnace lying: one above the otherand communicating one withanother gcrz'atz'm, and seriesofaven. ticallyextended air spacesbetween" the combustion chamber and theadjacent horizontal fines,air-inlet passages beneath the lowermost horizontal fiue to conveytheair to saidiair spaces, said air spaces attheir upper ends be ing incommunication with the hot. air chamber, said hot air chamber lyingabove the furnace chamber, other vertically extended beyond thehorizontal flues, ducts for leadingair into said other airspacesadjacent to the bottom of the furnace, and otherductsfrom said otherairspacesto the hot air chamber which lie above the uppermosthorizontalHoes, and air duct-outlets from thehot aie chamber, all bei-ngaFrangedsubstantially as shown and for the purposes describe-ch 2; Adomesticairheaterof non-conductingmaterial, comprising in combination,-a furnace chamber provided with a fire grate and doors affording accessseparately to above and below the grate, the said furnace including ahot air compartment extending across theupper part thereof, a chimneyofftake, 12 series of horizontally disposed longitudinally extendingfines arranged one serieson each a side of the 1 furnace chamber, theadjacent fi-ues one series beingfc onneetedi to one another at oppositeendstoform'a continu- 1 0 ous passage from the furnace chamber, thelowermost one of the horizontally disposed flues of each seriesdelivering into the chimney ofi'take, the said flues being disposed be-5 tween the walls of the furnace and the exterior wall of the furnacechamber, air spaces surrounding the fine walls, vertical "-partitionsthat divide the air spaces, the'lower ends of the said air spaces beingopen to atmosphere and the upper ends of the said spaces delivering intothe hot air chamber across the top of the furnace chamber and provisionfor the connection of distributing pipes to the said hot air chamber.

' In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

PETER S. LANGHIOK.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' Copies of this patent may be obtained for 7 Washington, D. (2.

